麻痺性貝毒

'''麻痺性貝毒'''('''P'''aralytic '''S'''hellfish '''P'''oisoning toxin, '''PSP''')是一種神經(jīng)性[[毒素]]，因人們誤食了含有此[[類毒素]]的貝類而產生麻痺性[[中毒]]的現(xiàn)象，所以稱之為麻痺性貝毒。麻痺性貝毒在許多種不同的[[貝毒]]中毒事件屬最嚴重，因其強烈[[毒性]]，經(jīng)常造成消費者的中毒死亡事件，同時發(fā)生案例的廣布性與高發(fā)性，各國在水產品檢驗項目中莫不對麻痺性貝毒特別重視。

==歷史==

關于麻痺性貝毒中毒事件，在十七世紀時的北美與歐洲已有類似事件的記載<ref>Kao, 1993; Prakach et al. 1971)</ref>，但是當時對病因仍不清楚，直到1928年Meyer等人在報告中對麻痺性貝毒中毒的癥狀加以描述<ref>Meyer et al, 1928</ref>，并推測毒素的來源可能來自于[[渦鞭毛藻]]；隨后又由喂食毒藻的[[貽貝]]實驗中得到上述假說的証實<ref>Sommer and Mayer, 1937</ref>，而麻痺性貝毒一系列毒素的[[化學]]結構也在1957年由石房蛤(Saxidomus giganteus)中所分離出的[[石房蛤毒素]]Saxitoxin(STX)首次確認<ref>Schantz, et al., 1957</ref>，其分子式為 C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>17</sub>N<sub>7</sub>O<sub>4</sub>。

==內部連結==
*[[赤潮]]
*[[珊瑚礁魚中毒]]
*[[有毒渦鞭毛藻]]

==參考文獻==

{{reflist}}

==外部連結 ==
*[http://www.emedicine.com/EMERG/topic528.htm Toxicity, Shellfish]
*{{Cite journal | author = Lawrence JF, Maher M, Watson-Wright W | year = 1994 Jan | title = Effect of cooking on the concentration of toxins associated with paralytic shellfish poison in lobster hepatopancreas | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9237337&dopt=Abstract | journal = Toxicon | volume = 32 | issue = 1 | pages = 57-64 | id = PMID 9237337}}
*{{Cite journal | author = Yentsch CM, Balch W | year = 1975 | title = Lack of secondary intoxification by red tide poison in the American lobster Homarus americanus | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1238253&dopt=Abstract | journal = Environ Lett | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 249-54 | id = PMID 1238253}}
*[http://www.uaf.edu/seagrant/issues/PSP/psp_page.html SeaGrant Alaska's information on PSP]
*[http://www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/sf/BiotoxinProgram.htm Washington State Shellfish Biotoxin Program]

{{Poisoning and toxicity}}

[[Category:毒素]]

[[分類:食物中毒]] [[分類:海鮮]]
==參考來源==
*[http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BA%BB%E7%97%BA%E6%80%A7%E8%B2%9D%E6%AF%92 維基百科-麻痺性貝毒]